Writing Advice: The Situation Comes First?

There is a ton of advice out there, some of it great and some of it misunderstood. A great deal of advice is taken out of context. Stephen King's advice is often taken out of context. Sometimes it is rather self explanatory, sometimes not. Here is a quote that had me a bit baffled as I read it.

Discovery Writer or Outliner?

There are many terms for these two types of writers. Discovery Writers, Pantser, Plotter, Outliner. (To name a few). What are they? And what kind of writer are you? Is one better than the other?